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- WORLD, Page 47ISRAELNo Palestinians Need Apply
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- Unable to stop a surge in violence, Shamir clamps down on
- workers from the occupied territories
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- By JON D. HULL/TEL AVIV -- With reporting by Jamil
- Hamad/Jerusalem
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- Neither the Israeli army nor Palestinian activists managed
- to force Nasser Hemeid to quit his job in Israel. Arising each
- morning at 4, he defied Arab strikes and army curfews as he
- made the eight-mile trip from the Dehaishe refugee camp near
- Bethlehem to Jerusalem, where he put in nine-hour days as a
- plasterer for an Israeli construction firm. After nine years
- on the job, his wage had risen to nearly $3 an hour, just
- enough to support his wife and five children.
-
- Hemeid's boss was more easily intimidated. Three weeks ago,
- Hemeid was fired, another victim of the latest surge of fear
- and violence between Arabs and Jews. "My employer was scared
- of me," said Hemeid last week, sitting at home under military
- curfew. "How am I going to find another job and feed my
- family?"
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- Most Israelis are more worried about their physical safety.
- In the past six weeks, 14 Israelis have been stabbed by
- Palestinians, four of them fatally. That bloodshed, which
- followed the killing of 20 Palestinians last month by Israeli
- forces during a riot on the Temple Mount, has dealt the notion
- of coexistence between Israelis and Palestinians its worst blow
- since the uprising started three years ago. As tough military
- measures fail to stop the attacks, more and more Israelis are
- demanding a ban on the 120,000 Palestinians from the West Bank
- and Gaza who work in Israel. Says Tel Aviv Mayor Shlomo Lahat:
- "The majority of Israelis don't want to be around
- Palestinians."
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- Prime Minister Yitzhak Shamir responded to the outcry by
- clamping new restrictions on Palestinian workers. Computers are
- churning out expanded lists of Palestinians banned from
- entering Israel for security reasons, while authorities raided
- restaurants, shops and factories last week and rounded up more
- than 1,000 illegal Arab workers. Economics Minister David Magen
- promised to introduce measures to cut in half the number of
- Palestinians from the territories working in Israel.
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- Ironically enough, the crackdown has won support from
- Shamir's foes, but not for reasons that would please him.
- Though critical of the latest hardships being imposed on
- Palestinians, Israeli doves applauded Shamir for
- unintentionally underscoring Israel's pre-1967 borders. Says
- Peace Now activist Tzaly Reshef: "It's a first and positive
- step toward building separate entities." The policy was also
- welcomed by Palestinian strike enforcers, who have beaten and
- executed Arabs in an unsuccessful effort to impose an embargo
- on Israel.
-
- Their enthusiasm is not shared by Arab laborers. "What
- choice do I have?" asks Samir Hassan, a mechanic in an Israeli
- garage in Jerusalem. Economist Abdel Fattah Abu-Shokor of
- An-Najah University in Nablus predicts that a total ban on
- Palestinian labor in Israel would raise unemployment from 20%
- to 55% in the West Bank and from 25% to 60% in Gaza. Says
- Abu-Shokor: "The Palestinian economy cannot survive without
- Israel."
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- Israeli policymakers say the international community should
- fund new jobs in the territories, but they consistently squash
- any Palestinian efforts toward economic independence, fearing
- the political implications. George Nasser, a textile-factory
- owner in Bethlehem, says he was repeatedly refused permission
- to expand from 35 to 140 workers. "If we were allowed to
- modernize, nobody could compete with us," he says.
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- Only one-third of the Palestinians employed in Israel have
- work permits, and even bona fide laborers are barred from
- spending the night inside Israel. Many ignore the ban, sleeping
- in the back rooms of restaurants and warehouses to save money
- and avoid roadblocks. On average, they earn about 40% less than
- their Israeli counterparts, and many are forced to pay social
- security taxes even though they are ineligible for most
- benefits.
-
- Nasha't Muhammed Hussein, 35, will suffer more than most if
- he is expelled from Israel. Two years ago, he was stabbed seven
- times in the back by fellow Palestinians in his village of Deir
- al-Hatab in the West Bank for ignoring a strike. Now he sells
- olives from a small shed in Tel Aviv's vegetable market, which
- employs hundreds of Arabs from Gaza. His wife and seven
- children live in the nearby Israeli-Arab town of Jaffa,
- changing apartments every three months to avoid detection. "If
- I'm sent back, I'll be killed," he says. "I'm scared of the
- fanatics on both sides."
-
- Ardent Zionists hope the latest anti-Arab sentiment will
- reawaken the blue-collar Jewish work ethic that built Israel.
- So far, however, few Israelis have been willing to accept low
- wages cleaning streets and digging ditches. The Dizengoff
- shopping center in Tel Aviv laid off 30 Palestinian janitors
- from Gaza two weeks ago, after they repeatedly missed work
- because of strikes and curfews. Managing director Gidon Kottler
- admits that he'll have to either raise salaries to attract Jews
- or use more machines. He says, "Jews are ashamed to do that
- kind of work during the day when people will see them, so we may
- have to clean only at night."
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- Shamir's determination to reduce the Palestinian presence
- in Israel -- while preserving Israel's de facto annexation of
- the territories -- is likely to backfire, widening the fissure
- along Israel's 1967 borders. "You can't just put Palestinians
- into refugee camps with no money and no work," says left-wing
- Knesset member Shulamit Aloni. "That would be hell." Eventually
- Shamir will have to decide whether to allow Palestinians to
- nurture their own economy or whether simply to send more
- soldiers into the territories to face the wrath of the
- unemployed.
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- Palestinians comprise . . .
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- 7% of the total labor force and
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- 44% of construction workers 17% of agriculture workers
- 6% of service workers 4% of industrial workers
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